Impact of metabolic syndrome on the development of cardiovascular disease: a review of preventive and therapeutic strategies

Abstract Metabolic syndrome is a condition characterized by central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia, factors that significantly increase cardiovascular risk. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play a key role in the progression of atherosclerotic disease in these patients. Preventive strategies include lifestyle modifications, with emphasis on the Mediterranean diet and regular physical activity. At the pharmacological level, the use of metformin and new GLP-1 agonists have shown benefits in reducing insulin resistance and weight control. This review explores the relationship between metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease, highlighting strategies to reduce the impact of this condition on morbidity and mortality. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, GLP-1 agonists.