Use of probiotics in the prevention of respiratory infections in children: an emerging immunomodulatory strategy

Abstract Recurrent respiratory infections are one of the main causes of childhood morbidity. Modulation of the immune system using probiotics has emerged as a promising strategy to reduce the incidence of these infections. Recent studies have shown that strains such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium breve can improve the immune response and decrease the frequency of respiratory episodes. However, variability in the composition of probiotics and lack of consensus on optimal doses pose challenges in their implementation. This review examines the available evidence on the efficacy and safety of probiotics in the prevention of respiratory infections, highlighting the need for larger-scale studies that define their role in pediatric practice. Keywords: Probiotics, respiratory infections, immunity, pediatrics.5. Neonatología